La Douane, les frontaliers, les éleveurs en Labourd (Pays Basque nord)

In this work a study is made of the relationship between the Customs service and principally the cattle-raisers from Lapurdi, during the 19th century. The author studies the cattle-raisers´ in uence and reactions. Mention is made of the organisation and mechanisms of big-and-small-scale cattle smuggling.